Answers to "questions i might consider"

1.What is the importance of a nutritional and healthy diet?

 The importance is that we can absorb all kinds of nutrients that our body needs, they also provide vitamins for our body's benefit. It also helps with obese people, for them to lose weight.

2.What makes up the digestive system and what is the function?

The digestive system is made up of the mouth,esophagus,stomach , the small and large intestine and the anus. It breaks down the food and absorb the nutrients and vitamins.

3.how is food processed and broken down and used by the body?

The function of the digestive system is used to break down the food into smaller parts in the mouth, digestion mostly take place in the stomach and small intestine, where digestive fluids (enzymes) are present. Small intestines also absorb the vitamins and nutrients. Water is absorbed in the large intestine and waste matter is discharged from the anus.

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Anus

The function of the anus is to expel useless undigested matter.

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Large intestine

The function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter,then

to release useless waste matter out of the body. It takes 32 hours to finish up the remaining digestion

process . The large intestine is about 1.5 meters long, shorter than the small intestine. It houses about 700

bacteria, producing large amounts of vitamins for absorption into blood. A mucus layer,mucosal barrier, protects the large

intestine from attacks from colonic commensal bacteria.

Parts of a large intestine : Ascending colon

:transverse colon

:descending colon

:sigmoid colon

:rectum

More parts of a large intestine: Cecum(The first part of the large intestine)

:taeniae coil( three bands of smooth muscle)

:haustra (budges caused by contraction of taeniae coil)

:epicloic appendages ( small fat accumulations on the viscera)

anus/rectum is just used for expelling waste matter from the large intestine.

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Small intestine

The small intestine is a coiled organ about, and it is around 7.5m to 9m in length. This is where digestion is completed. The small intestine also absorb most of the nutrients of the food. The liver releases bile,which prepares fat for digestion,in to the small intestine. Pancreatic juices contain enzymes that digests carbohydrates and fats. The walls also release enzymes to digest proteins. The small intestine digest the three nutrients, carbohydrates and fats.

 The small intestine is divided into three structural parts:

1.duodenum(largely responsible for breaking down of food)

2.jejunum(is covered in projections call villi , increasing the surface area of tissues available to absorb nutrients.)

3.ileum(absorb whatever products of digestion that is not absorbed by the jejunum)

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Stomach

The stomach is a saclike organ of digestion, and the walls are made up with layers of muscles. As the food from the esophagus enters the stomach, muscle contractions began to churn and mix the food. The stomach produces gastric juice to digest the food. The gastric juice contains enzymes  that begin the digestion of proteins, which is the only thing that is partially digested. The food is mixed and churned with stomach fluids until it produces chyme, and it is passed from the stomach to the small intestine.

Digestion project part 2

GULLET

The other name for the gullet is the esophagus.  It is also a muscular tube which food passes from the pharynx  to the stomach, where most of digestion take place. Inside the esophagus,food is moved by a series of muscle contractions called peristalsis.

Digestion project part 1

Digestion proccess:

1.Mouth

 The mouth consists of  teeth,saliva and the tongue.

Teeth/incisor is used mainly for chewing big pieces of food into smaller bits,making it easier for digestion to take place and easier for us to take in the nutrients of the food. The canine is used to hold the food and tear it apart.

Saliva, a liquid produced by the mouth is a great help in digestion. It also lubricates the mouth, protecting the teeth and the tongue.

Tongue is a muscle in the mouth that manipulates the chewing and swallowing, which affects the rate of digestion. The tongue has taste buds to make out which food is fresh and which one is not.